Konsolidierung Industrie(n) China - 500 Beiträge pro Seite

[Popeye82]

Wie vielleicht der Ein oder andere gehört haben mag gibt es in China in mehreren/vielen Industrien Pläne -oder auch schon in Arbeit- diverse Industrien zu "konsolidieren".
Das heisst im Endeffekt v.a. "kleine, schwierige, gefährliche, unprofitable" und ähnliche Unternehmungen entweder zu schliessen, oder zu einem größerem zu "vereinen".
Da das teilweise richtig fette Anteile sind, und die widerum auch verhältnismässig sehr große Auswirkungen auf die "globale" Angebot/Nachfrage haben können, finde ich das nicht uninteressant.
Wer weitere Meldungen, Fakten -vor allem auch zu anderen, dieser Industrien- und so weiter dazu hat kann die hier gern einstellen.

Eine erste Meldung dazu.
In der Graphitindustrie gibt es damit offensichtlich sehr verschiedene, starke, Einflüsse, was das Angebot und die Nachfrage angeht.

Chinese flake graphite consolidation could alter global supply structure - MW/CMR, TORONTO - Apr 17, 2014
www.miningweekly.com/article/chinese-flake-graphite-consolid…

"China has revealed plans to consolidate operations in the world’s most prolific flake graphite producing region – the Heilongjiang province, where most of the world’s battery raw material comes from – that could significantly alter the global supply structure of the industry, UK-based analyst Industrial Minerals Data (IM Data) manager Simon Moores said on Thursday.

China had officially announced plans to crack down on polluting flake graphite operations and start consolidation of the mines within the next 18 months.

Moores told Mining Weekly Online that he had been speculating about such a move for several years, adding that the news that broke late on Wednesday night could be the biggest shift in graphite supply in a generation.

This has put a question mark over the future of the world’s largest flake graphite producing region, with the province accounting for 45% of Chinese production and 29% of global output in 2013. It will also come as a major boost to every new graphite exploration project looking to enter the market in the next three years.

“In fact, it could see China take a big step back from the global marketplace in favour for using the raw material to make higher-value goods.

“It's my estimation that with this plan and what's happening in Shandong, 90 000 t [of supply] could be under threat. That is 24% of global supply on 2013 production levels - the equivalent of one Brazil,” he said in an email.

IM Data said that move followed high-profile graphite dust and wastewater problems in Pingdu City, Shandong province – the country’s third-largest producing region – which led to the ongoing blanket closure of all processing operations in December.

The majority of the world’s medium flake graphite – used in variety of applications from refractories and lubricants to lithium-ion batteries – comes from Heilongjiang. This includes the industry’s most widely used product, -100 mesh, 94% C (-194).


CLEANING UP THE ACT

Heilongjiang’s Provincial Department of Environmental Protection has announced six steps to turn what is mass-scale mining into a more efficient and responsible operation and eventually create higher value-added products.

The provincial government plans to consolidate 36 mining rights into 30 by 2015, and into 25 by 2020.
As well as having areas dedicated to key mining operations and exploration, the government plans to identify areas in which mining is explicitly encouraged or discouraged. It hopes to develop these more concentrated and controlled areas of operation to shift away from the sprawling mining activity seen today.

“This will also allow the ministry to establish greater control over the area’s mining rights and limit illegal operations,” IM Data said.

Much like in Pingdu, a significant focus of Heilongjiang’s clean-up is controlling the amount of dust produced through graphite mining and processing.

Dust emissions have become a major issue in China’s flake graphite industry and while the mineral is inert and not harmful, air pollution has become a problem for local residents and farmers, who have coined the term ‘graphite rain’ to describe the thick pollution.

Getting a grip on the dust problem through the introduction of stricter regulation and more modern equipment will be a cornerstone of the plan.

“The government has issued all producers with a dictat to upgrade their equipment for inspection from September this year. Those that fail this inspection will be forced to stop production,” the firm said.

The government also wants to establish high-technology industrial parks to produce value-added graphite products and move the province away from its role as a concentrate supplier.

The local towns of Jixi and Hegang (Luobei) have been identified as initial locations for the parks, which would replicate what has been achieved in Inner Mongolia and Hubei’s graphite industries.

The Ministry of Industry and Information Technology would tightly enforce graphite industry entrance standards; rules that would limit new capacity and control expansions.

“Newly built graphite plants will not be allowed to have a capacity of less than 20 000 t/y, with individual production lines required to process at least 5 000 t/y.”

Another significant environmental issue surrounding the country’s graphite production is how wastewater is disposed of.

Subsequently, the Department of Safety and Inspection would now review the safety of the province’s graphite tailing ponds, approve and distribute certificates, and shut down illegal ponds or those beyond rectification.

The initiatives were all designed to establish what China calls ‘green mines’. “Heilongjiang aims not only improve the ecological environment from these measures but will also try to bring all graphite mines in the area up to provincial and national green mine standards over the next five years,” IM Data said.


MARKET IMPACT

London-based Moores said that it really depends how seriously the Heilongjiang government takes this plan.

“On the face of it, the plan looks extensive, more so than any in recent history for the graphite industry. But we will only know the seriousness of the situation by September when the government begins its inspections.

“The industry could be hit with a double whammy whereby the majority of production in Pingdu, Shandong does not come back on stream in June/July and then further closures come into place in Heilongjiang in September. Our estimations are that this could put at least 50% of flake graphite supply from both provinces under threat throughout 2014,” Moores said.

Depending on how demand plays out in 2014 and 2015, the impact on prices could also be significant.

Moores noted that the supply and demand dynamics for flake graphite is finely balanced. The last time demand rebounded from a slump was in 2010/11 when prices rocketed to all-time highs off the back of limited supply and an unforeseen demand surge.

At that time there were no real supply restrictions in place.

“We could be entering a similar period for the industry now. Demand has been low for the last 18 months, which has seen prices erode and capacity come off-stream around the world. We are yet to see any significant demand upturn, but should any rebound coincide with supply cuts in China then prices could once again increase significantly,” Moores said. "

[Goldbaba]

Antwort auf Beitrag Nr.: 46.847.784 von Popeye82 am 18.04.14 22:49:20

http://www.hkexnews.hk/listedco/listconews/sehk/2014/0415/LT…

...weitere 5 Goldminen und Molybden gehen zu 70 % an Zijin..

Luoyang Kunyu has five gold mine mining rights and all mining areas of it have been qualified for mining and operate normally. Gold resource volume of the five gold mines reached 56.92 tons as at December 31, 2013 , with average grade of 4.3gram per ton. Gold reserve was 3,787.33 kilos, with average grade of 3.92 gram per ton.

[Popeye82]

Zur Eisenindustrie.
den "not too far from $120" würde ich nicht unbedingt zustimmen.

One more reason iron ore price won't stray too far from $120 - M.com/SCMP - Apr 18, 2014

- F. Els -
www.mining.com/one-more-reason-iron-ore-price-wont-stray-far…
www.scmp.com/business/commodities/article/1487584/chinas-pla…

"The benchmark price of iron ore tracked higher again this week and is up more than 10% from lows suffered early March.

According to data from the The Steel Index, the import price of 62% iron ore fines at China's Tianjin port changed hands for $116.50 per tonne as imports from top consumer China is expected to continue at a record breaking pace.

Chinese steel mills and iron ore traders made the most of soft prices for the commodity in March, ramping up imports 21% to just under 74 million tonnes in March.

First quarter imports are 19% higher than last year and at 222 million tonnes imply an annualized tally of almost 890 million tonnes, compared to 2013's 820 million tonnes.

China has for years been trying to lessen its dependence on foreign ore, artificially boosting domestic production of iron ore by restricting small blast furnaces' access to high-quality imports.

Domestic output has grown at an almost as fast a rate as imports to reach some 1.4 billion tonnes last year.

But the bulk of the fines requires a process called sintering before being fed into blast furnaces which adds to the environmental impact and costs.

At the same time domestic supply drives up costs for the country's steelmakers because the ore is of such a low quality – falling from above 30% to a only 21.5% iron content today.

As a result China's steelmakers have been substituting domestic supply with so-called "lump" ore from Australian, South African and South American producers that lower costs and cut pollution by reducing the need for sintering.

Premiums for high-quality lump and pellets over fines have reached as much as $17–$18 a tonne and $42 a tonne respectively this year according to Metal Bulletin.

South China Morning Post reports another piece of Beijing's strategy – a new plan to consolidate the domestic industry under six to eight large miners producing around 30 million tonnes a year – also does not stand much of a chance of success:


"The only way for the new integrated miners to compete against top miners is if they can slash their costs, but I do not expect this can happen," said a senior official at a medium-sized Chinese miner with an annual output of 2 million to 3 million tonnes.

"Chinese resources require deeper and deeper digging, and grades are falling, meaning both mining and beneficiation [crushing and separating ore] costs are increasing."


Market watchers have been calling down the price of iron ore to single digits for a long time, but last year the raw material was one of the best performing commodities defying weakness in everything from gold to copper to potash.

Despite the March drop to near 18-month lows, the climb back to around $120 a tonne has been steady.

$120 a tonne has long been considered a price floor for iron ore as many of China's hundreds of small scale miners quickly become unprofitable at these levels.

That compares to the estimated $45 – $55 a tonne (FOB) costs of Australian, Brazilian and South African miners.

Even if the Chinese industry consolidation happens as planned, competing with these input costs is just too big an ask, meaning that a firm price floor for iron ore should remain in place.

Even if that is below $120."