checkAd

     362  0 Kommentare The Trade Desk Reports Fourth Quarter and Fiscal Year 2019 Financial Results

    Global advertising technology leader The Trade Desk (Nasdaq:TTD) today announced financial results for its fourth quarter and fiscal year ended December 31, 2019.

    “Our vision is to change the way advertising is bought by enabling data-driven decisions. For The Trade Desk, 2019 was another major step toward achieving that vision. Total spend on our platform was a record $3.1 billion. Spend in Q4 topped $1 billion, the first time we had ever crossed that threshold in a single quarter. This record spend helped drive 39% revenue growth to $661 million in 2019. We also generated $108.3 million in net income and $213.9 million of adjusted EBITDA. We continue to deliver strong revenue growth while also generating profitability that is significantly higher than nearly all other comparable software and internet companies of our size,“ said Jeff Green, Founder and CEO of The Trade Desk.

    Anzeige 
    Handeln Sie Ihre Einschätzung zu The Trade Desk A!
    Long
    72,47€
    Basispreis
    1,54
    Ask
    × 5,34
    Hebel
    Short
    105,41€
    Basispreis
    1,56
    Ask
    × 5,28
    Hebel
    Präsentiert von

    Den Basisprospekt sowie die Endgültigen Bedingungen und die Basisinformationsblätter erhalten Sie bei Klick auf das Disclaimer Dokument. Beachten Sie auch die weiteren Hinweise zu dieser Werbung.

    Fourth Quarter and Full Year 2019 Financial Highlights:

    The following table summarizes our consolidated financial results for the quarters and fiscal year ended December 31, 2019 and 2018 ($ in millions, except per share amounts):

     

     

    Three Months Ended

     

     

    Year Ended

     

     

     

    December 31,

     

     

    December 31,

     

     

     

    2019

     

     

    2018

     

     

    2019

     

     

    2018

     

    GAAP Results

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

    Revenue

     

    $

     

    215.9

     

     

    $

     

    160.5

     

     

    $

     

    661.1

     

     

    $

     

    477.3

     

    Increase in revenue year over year

     

     

    35

    %

     

     

    56

    %

     

     

    39

    %

     

     

    55

    %

    Net Income

     

    $

     

    50.9

     

     

    $

     

    39.4

     

     

    $

     

    108.3

     

     

    $

     

    88.1

     

    Diluted EPS

     

    $

     

    1.06

     

     

    $

     

    0.84

     

     

    $

     

    2.27

     

     

    $

     

    1.92

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

    Non-GAAP Results

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

    Adjusted EBITDA

     

    $

     

    83.5

     

     

    $

     

    67.1

     

     

    $

     

    213.9

     

     

    $

     

    159.4

     

    Adjusted EBITDA Margin

     

     

    39

    %

     

     

    42

    %

     

     

    32

    %

     

     

    33

    %

    Non-GAAP Net Income

     

    $

     

    71.6

     

     

    $

     

    51.1

     

     

    $

     

    176.3

     

     

    $

     

    123.8

     

    Non-GAAP Diluted EPS

     

    $

     

    1.49

     

     

    $

     

    1.09

     

     

    $

     

    3.69

     

     

    $

     

    2.70

     

    Fourth Quarter and 2019 Business Highlights Include:

    • Continued Share Gain: 2019 gross spend on the platform was over $3.1 billion, a 33% increase from a year ago.
    • Continued Omni-channel Growth: Omni-channel solutions remain a strategic focus for The Trade Desk as the industry continues shifting toward transparency and programmatic buying. Specific channel spend highlights include:
      • Video grew 54% from Q4 2018 to Q4 2019.
      • Connected TV grew about 100% from Q4 2018 to Q4 2019.
      • Connected TV grew 137% from 2018 to 2019.
      • Audio grew over 185% from 2018 to 2019.
      • Mobile video grew over 50% from 2018 to 2019.
      • Mobile in-app grew over 67% from 2018 to 2019.
    • Strong Customer Retention: Customer retention remained over 95% during the quarter, as it has for the previous 24 quarters.
    • Officially Launched a Programmatic Ad Buying Platform in China in March 2019: Programmatic offering allows marketers the ability to reach millions of connected consumers in China by providing:
      • The ability to use their first-party data with The Trade Desk’s trusted platform.
      • Partnerships with China’s premium media companies, including Baidu Exchange Services, iQIYI, Tencent Marketing Solution, and Youku.
      • Integrations with leading data, brand safety, and anti-fraud partners to ensure their campaigns reach scale and performance.
    • Continued Unified ID Momentum: The Trade Desk is committed to enhancing the effectiveness of programmatic advertising by providing a free unified ID solution that allows all parties across the supply chain (i.e.SSPs, DSPs, DMPs and data providers) to utilize The Trade Desk’s cookie footprint to increase their own cookie coverage across the global, independent internet. During the year, new partners adopting unified ID included:
      • YIELDONE, the first Japanese-based SSP to adopt The Trade Desk’s unified ID solution,
      • Prebid.org., an industry wide initiative dedicated to creating standardized solutions for programmatic advertising,
      • Throtle, a leading identity-based data onboarder,
      • Factual, a location data company,
      • Tapad, a leading global marketing technology company.
    • 2019 Awards and Recognition: The Trade Desk won the Best Demand-Side Technology in the inaugural AdExchanger Awards and was named the Best Demand Side Platform at the ClickZ Marketing Technology Awards 2019. The Trade Desk was named Best Medium Workplace by Great Place to Work and Fortune for the third year in a row.

    Full Year 2020 and First Quarter Outlook:

    Mr. Green added, “We exited 2019 on a strong note and are seeing that momentum continue into 2020. Our focus is on grabbing market share and deepening our engagement and strategic importance with our customers. As a result, in 2020, we expect gross spend on our platform to accelerate year over year to at least $4.24 billion and revenue to be at least $863 million. In the coming year, we will continue to make aggressive investments in high-growth areas such as Connected TV, data, and global expansion. As a result, we expect our adjusted EBITDA to be $259 million, or 30% of revenue. We believe investing in our core growth opportunities will maximize profitability over the long-term. I have never felt more confident in the direction of our business than I do heading into 2020.“

    The Trade Desk is providing its financial targets for the fiscal year 2020 and first quarter of 2020. The Company’s financial targets are as follows:

    Full Year 2020:

    • Total Gross Spend of at least $4.24 billion
    • Revenue of at least $863 million
    • Adjusted EBITDA of $259 million or 30% of revenue

    First Quarter 2020

    • Revenue of $169 million
    • Adjusted EBITDA of $35 million

    We have not provided outlook for GAAP Net income or reconciliation of adjusted EBITDA guidance to net income, the closest corresponding U.S. GAAP measure, because net income outlook is not available without unreasonable efforts on a forward-looking basis due to the variability and complexity with respect to the charges excluded from these non-GAAP measures; in particular, the measures and effects of our stock-based compensation expense that are directly impacted by unpredictable fluctuations in our share price. We expect the variability of the above charges could have a significant and potentially unpredictable, impact on our future U.S. GAAP financial results.

    Use of Non-GAAP Financial Information

    Included within this press release are the non-GAAP financial measures of Adjusted EBITDA, Non-GAAP net income and Non-GAAP diluted EPS that supplement the Consolidated Statements of Income of The Trade Desk, Inc. (the Company) prepared under generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP). Adjusted EBITDA is earnings before depreciation and amortization, stock-based compensation, interest expense (income), net, and provision for income taxes. Non-GAAP net income excludes charges and the related income tax effects for stock-based compensation. Tax rates on the tax-deductible portions of the stock-based compensation expense approximating 30% have been used in the computation of non-GAAP net income and non-GAAP diluted EPS. Reconciliations of GAAP to non-GAAP amounts for the periods presented herein are provided in schedules accompanying this release and should be considered together with the Consolidated Statements of Income. These non-GAAP measures are not meant as a substitute for GAAP, but are included solely for informational and comparative purposes. The Company's management believes that this information can assist investors in evaluating the Company's operational trends, financial performance, and cash generating capacity. Management believes these non-GAAP measures allow investors to evaluate the Company’s financial performance using some of the same measures as management. However, the non-GAAP financial measures should not be regarded as a replacement for or superior to corresponding, similarly captioned, GAAP measures and may be different from non-GAAP financial measures used by other companies.

    Fourth Quarter and Fiscal Year 2019 Results Webcast and Conference Call Details

    • When: February 27, 2020 at 2:00 P.M. Pacific Time (5:00 P.M. Eastern Time).
    • Webcast: A live webcast of the call can be accessed from the Investor Relations section of The Trade Desk’s website at http://investors.thetradedesk.com/. Following the call, a replay will be available on the company’s website.
    • Dial-in: To access the call via telephone in North America, please dial 877-407-0782. For callers outside the United States, please dial 1-201-689-8567. Participants should reference the conference call ID “The Trade Desk Call” after dialing in.
    • Audio replay: An audio replay of the call will be available beginning about two hours after the call. To listen to the replay in the United States, please dial 877-481-4010 (replay code: 58047). Outside the United States, please dial 1-919-882-2331 (replay code: 58047). The audio replay will be available via telephone until March 5, 2020.

    The Trade Desk, Inc. uses its Investor Relations website (http://investors.thetradedesk.com/investor-overview), its Twitter feed (@TheTradeDesk), LinkedIn page (https://www.linkedin.com/company/the-trade-desk/), and Facebook page (https://www.facebook.com/TheTradeDesk/), and Jeff Green’s Twitter feed (@jefftgreen) and LinkedIn profile (https://www.linkedin.com/in/jefftgreen/) as a means of disclosing information about the company and for complying with its disclosure obligations under Regulation FD. The information that is posted through these channels may be deemed material. Accordingly, investors should monitor these channels in addition to The Trade Desk’s press releases, SEC filings, public conference calls and webcasts.

    About The Trade Desk

    The Trade Desk is a technology company that empowers buyers of advertising. Through its self-service, cloud-based platform, ad buyers can create, manage, and optimize digital advertising campaigns across ad formats and devices. Integrations with major data, inventory, and publisher partners ensure maximum reach and decisioning capabilities, and enterprise APIs enable custom development on top of the platform. Headquartered in Ventura, CA, The Trade Desk has offices across North America, Europe, and Asia Pacific. To learn more, visit thetradedesk.com or follow us on Facebook, Twitter, LinkedIn and YouTube.

    Forward-Looking Statements

    This document contains “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. These statements relate to expectations concerning matters that (a) are not historical facts, (b) predict or forecast future events or results, or (c) embody assumptions that may prove to have been inaccurate, including statements relating to the industry and market trends, and the Company’s financial targets, such as revenue and Adjusted EBITDA. When words such as “believe,” “expect,” “anticipate,” “will”, “outlook” or similar expressions are used, the Company is making forward-looking statements. Although the Company believes that the expectations reflected in such forward-looking statements are reasonable, it cannot give readers any assurance that such expectations will prove correct. These forward-looking statements involve risks, uncertainties and assumptions, including those related to the Company’s relatively limited operating history, which makes it difficult to evaluate the Company’s business and prospects, the market for programmatic advertising developing slower or differently than the Company’s expectations, the demands and expectations of clients and the ability to attract and retain clients. The actual results may differ materially from those anticipated in the forward-looking statements as a result of numerous factors, many of which are beyond the control of the Company. These are disclosed in the Company’s reports filed from time to time with the Securities and Exchange Commission, including its most recent Form 10-K and any subsequent filings on Forms 10-Q or 8-K, available at www.sec.gov. Readers are urged not to place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements, which speak only as of the date of this press release. The Company does not intend to update any forward-looking statement contained in this press release to reflect events or circumstances arising after the date hereof.

    CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME

     

    (Amounts in thousands, except per share amounts)

     

    (Unaudited)

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

    Three Months Ended

     

     

    Year Ended

     

     

     

    December 31,

     

     

    December 31,

     

     

     

    2019

     

     

    2018

     

     

    2019

     

     

    2018

     

    Revenue

     

    $

    215,944

     

     

    $

    160,468

     

     

    $

    661,058

     

     

    $

    477,294

     

    Operating expenses (1):

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

    Platform operations

     

     

    47,267

     

     

     

    35,256

     

     

     

    156,180

     

     

     

    114,098

     

    Sales and marketing

     

     

    42,931

     

     

     

    27,064

     

     

     

    132,882

     

     

     

    87,071

     

    Technology and development

     

     

    32,803

     

     

     

    24,086

     

     

     

    116,752

     

     

     

    83,892

     

    General and administrative

    40,293

    25,094

    143,048

    84,910

     

    Total operating expenses

     

     

    163,294

     

     

     

    111,500

     

     

     

    548,862

     

     

     

    369,971

     

    Income from operations

     

     

    52,650

     

     

     

    48,968

     

     

     

    112,196

     

     

     

    107,323

     

    Total other expense (income), net

     

     

    (1,045

    )

     

     

    (336

    )

     

     

    (4,024

    )

     

     

    1,586

     

    Income before income taxes

     

     

    53,695

     

     

     

    49,304

     

     

     

    116,220

     

     

     

    105,737

     

    Provision for income taxes

     

     

    2,750

     

     

     

    9,869

     

     

     

    7,902

     

     

     

    17,597

     

    Net income

     

    $

    50,945

     

     

    $

    39,435

     

     

    $

    108,318

     

     

    $

    88,140

     

    Earnings per share:

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

    Basic

     

    $

    1.13

     

     

    $

    0.91

     

     

    $

    2.43

     

     

    $

    2.08

     

    Diluted

     

    $

    1.06

     

     

    $

    0.84

     

     

    $

    2.27

     

     

    $

    1.92

     

    Weighted average shares outstanding:

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

    Basic

     

     

    45,036

     

     

     

    43,223

     

     

     

    44,533

     

     

     

    42,442

     

    Diluted

     

     

    48,034

     

     

     

    46,777

     

     

     

    47,806

     

     

     

    45,793

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

    (1) Includes stock-based compensation expense as follows:

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

    STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION EXPENSE

     

    (Amounts in thousands)

     

    (Unaudited)

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

    Three Months Ended

     

     

    Year Ended

     

     

     

    December 31,

     

     

    December 31,

     

     

     

    2019

     

     

    2018

     

     

    2019

     

     

    2018

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

    Platform operations

     

    $

    1,456

     

     

    $

    1,326

     

     

    $

    5,350

     

     

    $

    4,463

     

    Sales and marketing

     

     

    7,675

     

     

     

    3,549

     

     

     

    20,769

     

     

     

    11,306

     

    Technology and development

     

     

    7,974

     

     

     

    4,950

     

     

     

    26,553

     

     

     

    13,855

     

    General and administrative

     

     

    7,285

     

     

     

    4,427

     

     

     

    28,086

     

     

     

    12,586

     

    Total

     

    $

    24,390

     

     

    $

    14,252

     

     

    $

    80,758

     

     

    $

    42,210

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

    THE TRADE DESK, INC.

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

    CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

     

    (Amounts in thousands)

     

    (Unaudited)

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

    As of

     

     

    As of

     

     

     

    December 31,

    2019

     

     

    December 31,

    2018

     

    ASSETS

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

    Current assets:

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

    Cash and cash equivalents

     

    $

    130,876

     

     

    $

    207,232

     

    Short-term investments

     

     

    124,112

     

     

     

     

    Accounts receivable, net

     

     

    1,166,376

     

     

     

    834,764

     

    Prepaid expenses and other current assets

     

     

    27,857

     

     

     

    14,527

     

    Total current assets

     

     

    1,449,221

     

     

     

    1,056,523

     

    Property and equipment, net

     

     

    64,012

     

     

     

    33,046

     

    Operating lease assets

     

     

    173,449

     

     

     

     

    Deferred income taxes

     

     

    18,950

     

     

     

    8,460

     

    Other assets, non-current

     

     

    23,129

     

     

     

    19,843

     

    Total assets

     

    $

    1,728,761

     

     

    $

    1,117,872

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

    LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

    Current liabilities:

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

    Accounts payable

     

    $

    868,618

     

     

    $

    669,147

     

    Accrued expenses and other current liabilities

     

     

    47,178

     

     

     

    44,844

     

    Operating lease liabilities

     

     

    14,577

     

     

     

     

    Total current liabilities

     

     

    930,373

     

     

     

    713,991

     

    Operating lease liabilities, non-current

     

     

    174,873

     

     

     

     

    Other liabilities, non-current

     

     

    10,998

     

     

     

    9,314

     

    Total liabilities

     

     

    1,116,244

     

     

     

    723,305

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

    Stockholders' equity:

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

    Preferred stock

     

     

     

     

     

     

    Common stock

     

     

     

     

     

     

    Additional paid-in capital

     

     

    380,079

     

     

     

    270,447

     

    Retained earnings

     

     

    232,438

     

     

     

    124,120

     

    Total stockholders' equity

     

     

    612,517

     

     

     

    394,567

     

    Total liabilities and stockholders' equity

     

    $

    1,728,761

     

     

    $

    1,117,872

     

    THE TRADE DESK, INC.

     

     

    CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

     

    (Amounts in thousands)

     

    (Unaudited)

     

     

     

     

    Year Ended December 31,

     

     

     

    2019

     

     

    2018

     

    OPERATING ACTIVITIES:

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

    Net income

     

    $

    108,318

     

     

    $

    88,140

     

    Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash

    provided by operating activities:

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

    Depreciation and amortization

     

     

    21,662

     

     

     

    11,822

     

    Stock-based compensation

     

     

    80,758

     

     

     

    42,210

     

    Deferred income taxes

     

     

    (10,490

    )

     

     

    (5,101

    )

    Bad debt expense

     

     

    2,702

     

     

     

    2,115

     

    Noncash lease expense

     

     

    21,894

     

     

     

     

    Other

     

     

    (1,939

    )

     

     

    2,905

     

    Changes in operating assets and liabilities:

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

    Accounts receivable

     

     

    (331,369

    )

     

     

    (239,901

    )

    Prepaid expenses and other assets

     

     

    (19,597

    )

     

     

    (10,551

    )

    Accounts payable

     

     

    191,763

     

     

     

    177,675

     

    Accrued expenses and other liabilities

     

     

    6,845

     

     

     

    17,289

     

    Operating lease liabilities

     

     

    (10,342

    )

     

     

     

    Net cash provided by operating activities

     

     

    60,205

     

     

     

    86,603

     

    INVESTING ACTIVITIES:

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

    Purchases of property and equipment

     

     

    (35,693

    )

     

     

    (19,795

    )

    Capitalized software development costs

     

     

    (4,911

    )

     

     

    (5,396

    )

    Purchases of investments

     

     

    (212,776

    )

     

     

     

    Maturities of investments

     

     

    89,539

     

     

     

     

    Net cash used in investing activities

     

     

    (163,841

    )

     

     

    (25,191

    )

    FINANCING ACTIVITIES:

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

    Repayment on line of credit

     

     

     

     

     

    (27,000

    )

    Payment of debt financing costs

     

     

    (6

    )

     

     

    (279

    )

    Proceeds from exercise of stock options

     

     

    29,874

     

     

     

    10,021

     

    Proceeds from employee stock purchase plan

     

     

    16,746

     

     

     

    13,805

     

    Taxes paid related to net settlement of restricted

    stock awards

     

     

    (19,334

    )

     

     

    (6,677

    )

    Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities

     

     

    27,280

     

     

     

    (10,130

    )

    (Decrease) increase in cash and cash equivalents

     

     

    (76,356

    )

     

     

    51,282

     

    Cash and cash equivalents—Beginning of period

     

     

    207,232

     

     

     

    155,950

     

    Cash and cash equivalents—End of period

     

    $

    130,876

     

     

    $

    207,232

     

    Non-GAAP Financial Metrics
    (Amounts in thousands, except per share amounts)

    The following tables show the Company’s non-GAAP financial metrics reconciled to the comparable GAAP financial metrics included in this release.

     

     

    Three Months Ended

     

     

    Year Ended

     

     

     

    December 31,

     

     

    December 31,

     

     

     

    2019

     

     

    2018

     

     

    2019

     

     

    2018

     

     

     

     

     

    Net income

     

    $

    50,945

     

     

    $

    39,435

     

     

    $

    108,318

     

     

    $

    88,140

     

    Add back:

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

    Depreciation and amortization expense

     

     

    6,416

     

     

     

    3,715

     

     

     

    21,662

     

     

     

    11,822

     

    Stock-based compensation expense

     

     

    24,390

     

     

     

    14,252

     

     

     

    80,758

     

     

     

    42,210

     

    Interest expense (income), net

     

     

    (956

    )

     

     

    (220

    )

     

     

    (4,719

    )

     

     

    (333

    )

    Provision for income taxes

     

     

    2,750

     

     

     

    9,869

     

     

     

    7,902

     

     

     

    17,597

     

    Adjusted EBITDA

     

    $

    83,545

     

     

    $

    67,051

     

     

    $

    213,921

     

     

    $

    159,436

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

    Three Months Ended

     

     

    Year Ended

     

     

     

    December 31,

     

     

    December 31,

     

     

     

    2019

     

     

    2018

     

     

    2019

     

     

    2018

     

    GAAP net income

     

    $

    50,945

     

     

    $

    39,435

     

     

    $

    108,318

     

     

    $

    88,140

     

    Add back (deduct):

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

    Stock-based compensation expense

     

     

    24,390

     

     

     

    14,252

     

     

     

    80,758

     

     

     

    42,210

     

    Adjustment for income taxes

     

     

    (3,783

    )

     

     

    (2,585

    )

     

     

    (12,768

    )

     

     

    (6,503

    )

    Non-GAAP net income

     

    $

    71,552

     

     

    $

    51,102

     

     

    $

    176,308

     

     

    $

    123,847

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

    GAAP diluted EPS

     

    $

    1.06

     

     

    $

    0.84

     

     

    $

    2.27

     

     

    $

    1.92

     

    Non-GAAP diluted EPS

     

    $

    1.49

     

     

    $

    1.09

     

     

    $

    3.69

     

     

    $

    2.70

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

    Weighted average shares outstanding—diluted

     

     

    48,034

     

     

     

    46,777

     

     

     

    47,806

     

     

     

    45,793

     

     



    Diskutieren Sie über die enthaltenen Werte


    Business Wire (engl.)
    0 Follower
    Autor folgen

    The Trade Desk Reports Fourth Quarter and Fiscal Year 2019 Financial Results Global advertising technology leader The Trade Desk (Nasdaq:TTD) today announced financial results for its fourth quarter and fiscal year ended December 31, 2019. “Our vision is to change the way advertising is bought by enabling data-driven …