MAIA Biotechnology Announces Publication in Nature Communications on Positive Effects of THIO for Potential Treatment of Small Cell Lung Cancer

MAIA Biotechnology, Inc., (NYSE American: MAIA) (“MAIA”, the “Company”), a clinical-stage biopharmaceutical company developing targeted immunotherapies for cancer, today announced the publication of extensive work describing preclinical studies for lead candidate THIO in small cell lung cancer (SCLC) in the peer-reviewed scientific journal Nature Communications. The reported findings from the research, conducted in collaboration with the University of Texas Southwestern (UTSW) scientists, led by corresponding author Dr. Esra Akbay, demonstrate the immune-enhancing, metastasis-reducing effects of MAIA’s telomere-targeting agent THIO (6TdG) in several well-characterized in vitro and in vivo models of SCLC.

“This publication highlights a rather unique dual mechanism of action for THIO as a first-in-clinic telomere-targeted anticancer agent for potential treatment of SCLC,” said Sergei M. Gryaznov, PhD., MAIA’s Chief Scientific Officer. “In addition to the direct and potent cancer cell depletion activity, the observed specific interferons stimulation, immune responses-enhancement, and metastasis-reducing effects of THIO provide solid scientific foundation for further advancement of this compound in clinical development.”

A prominent characteristic of lung cancer small cells is their reliance on telomerase activity, a key enzyme essential for the continuous proliferation of SCLC. While 85-90% of all human cancers are telomerase positive, SCLCs are nearly all telomerase positive¹, suggesting that telomerase targeting may be an effective strategy in the treatment of SCLC.

Key findings in the published paper include:

• Human and mouse SCLC lines are sensitive to THIO (6TdG) treatment in vitro and in vivo
• THIO decreases cancer initiating cells and diminishes tumor initiation potential in vitro and in vivo
• Low doses of THIO are effective in treating metastatic mouse SCLC tumors
• THIO activates type-I interferon pathway through cGAS-STING signaling
• THIO is highly effective in combination with ionizing radiation treatment regiments

“With few, if any, effective treatments for small cell lung cancer, there is a widespread need for innovative therapeutic strategies. The positive outcomes reported in our publication show THIO’s potential as a new therapeutic approach,” said Vlad Vitoc, M.D., MAIA’s Chairman and Chief Executive Officer. “THIO already holds Orphan Drug Designation for SCLC, underscoring the FDA’s recognition of THIO’s potential to improve outcomes for this highly lethal disease. With the positive preclinical and clinical data we have obtained to date for THIO, we have entered the Phase 2 planning stage for a clinical trial of THIO in SCLC along with two other cancers.”